El Ityala lesibini lomkhuhlane weentaka i-H5 obangela izifo ezininzi kwiinkukhu Ubhubhane kwiphondo laseBuenos Aires luvuselele iingxaki zempilo kunye noshishino eArgentina. Iqela elitsha belikwindawo ifama yeenkukhu ukusuka kwindawo yaseLobos, kwaye yongeza kuqhambuko olufunyenwe ngaphambili eRanchos, kwisithili semveliso esifanayo.
Oku kubuya kwakhona kwentsholongwane kwiifama zorhwebo kubeka uxinzelelo enye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zokuthumela ngaphandle kwelizwengakumbi kwicandelo lenyama yenkukhu entsha, kwaye ibuyisela ingxoxo malunga nokhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo, ulawulo lwezifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane kunye nokugcinwa kwazo iimarike zamazwe ngamazwe embindini we-ajenda.
Indlela efunyenwe ngayo imeko yesibini yomkhuhlane weentaka i-H5
Ingqwalasela entsha ichongiwe yi INkonzo yeSizwe yezeMpilo noMgangatho wezoLimo (i-SENASA) kwifama enkulu yokufuya ekwisithili saseBuenos Aires eLobos. Emva kokufumana isaziso sokuqala sokurhanelwa, amaqela obuchwephesha avela kwi-arhente aya kwindawo yokubonelela ngoncedo kwindawo leyo, athathe iisampulu aze azithumele kwilabhoratri esemthethweni.
Uvavanyo olwenziwe kwi- ILebhu yeSizwe ye-SENASA, eMartinezBaqinisekisile ukuba kukho intsholongwane ye-avian influenza (HPAI) H5 ebangela izifo ezininzi kwiinkuku ezikwiziko. Ngolu qinisekiso, ityala leLobos labhaliswa ngokusemthethweni njenge ubhubhane wesibini kwiinkukhu zorhwebo evela kwiphondo laseBuenos Aires, emva kwesiganeko sokuqala esibikwe eRanchos.
Kwingqwalasela yokuqala yeRanchos, isilumkiso saqaliswa ngenxa iimpawu zeklinikhi ezihambelana nesifo kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokufa kwimfuyo yokufuya. Iisampulu eziqokelelwe ngoogqirha bezilwanyana abasemthethweni nazo zifunyenwe zine-AIAP H5, nto leyo ephawula ukuqala kweli nqanaba litsha lengxakeko yezempilo kwicandelo leenkukhu laseArgentina.
Zombini ezi zifo zinendlela efanayo yokuqhambuka: iifama zokufuya zorhweboOku kwandisa uvakalelo lwenkqubo yemveliso, kuba ezi fama ziyinxalenye yesiseko semfuza kunye nesiseko sokutshintshwa kweminye imixokelelwane yeenkukhu.
Isicwangciso sexesha elinokwenzeka: ukuthintela, ukubulala kunye neeNdawo zoLawulo
Emva kokuqinisekiswa kwamatyala eRanchos naseLobos, i-SENASA iqalise isicwangciso songxamiseko lomkhuhlane weentakaYenzelwe ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kwale ntsholongwane nokukhusela imeko yempilo yeendawo ezingachaphazelekanga, inyathelo lokuqala libe kukuvalelwa kweendawo ezihlala abantu, oko kuthetha ukumiswa kokuhambahamba kweentaka, iimveliso, kunye nemveliso ezisuka kwezinye ukuya nokubuya kwiifama ezichaphazelekayo.
Ngaxeshanye, ukususwa kweentaka ezibandakanyekayo ngococeko kunye nolawulo olulawulwayo lokulahla kwabo okokugqibela. Le misebenzi ibandakanya ukuxhela, ukungcwaba okanye ukulahla ngokukhuselekileyo, kwaye emva koko, inqanaba elinzima lokucoca nokubulala iintsholongwane kwizakhiwo, izixhobo, kunye nemiphezulu ukuze kuncitshiswe umthwalo wentsholongwane kwindawo leyo.
Le protocol ikwamisela ukudalwa kwe Indawo yoLawulo loCoceko (i-ZCS) kulo lonke uqhambuko. Kule ndawo, kukho izangqa ezimbini ezichaziweyo: umngcelele weekhilomitha ezi-3, apho kuqiniswa khona ukuthintela, ukhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo, kunye nemiqathango yokuhamba, kunye nesangqa sokujonga seekhilomitha ezi-7, esijolise ukubeka esweni kunye nokulandelela ngokucokisekileyo izifo ezibangelwa yi-epidemiological kwiifama nakwiintaka zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukongeza ekujongeni iintaka ezivelisayo, oku kulandelayo kwenziwa: imisebenzi yokujonga iintaka zasendle nezasegadini ngaphakathi kwe-ZCS nakwiindawo ezikufutshane, ngenjongo yokufumanisa kwangethuba naluphi na usasazeko olunokwenzeka lwentsholongwane phakathi kwabantu kunye nokwaphula uthotho losulelo ngaphambi kokuba lufikelele kwezinye iifama zorhwebo. Ngokuphathelele oku, kuye kwaxelwa amatyala kwi iintaka zasendle nto leyo eqinisa imfuneko yokubekwa esweni okucwangcisiweyo.
Nje ukuba ukuxhela ngococeko kugqityiwe kwaye umsebenzi wokucoca nzulu kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane ugqityiwe, amaziko ahlala ephantsi kweliso de kufikelelwe ixesha lokhuseleko elimiselwe yimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nemiqathango yokuhamba kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo olusele lukhona.
Impembelelo kwimeko yempilo kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe
Ukuqinisekiswa kwezi zinto Ukuqhambuka kwe-H5 HPAI kwiinkukhu zorhwebo Oku kube nefuthe elikhawulezileyo kwisikhundla sempilo samazwe ngamazwe eArgentina. Ngokuqhambuka kokuqala kwiifama zemveliso, eli lizwe lalahlekelwa sisikhundla salo njengendawo engenayo i-avian influenza ebangela izifo ezininzi. Umbutho weHlabathi weMpilo yeZilwanyana (WHO)Oku kunyanzelise ukumiswa okwethutyana kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwiindawo ezifuna imeko epheleleyo yasimahla.
Iimpahla ezichaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko yile inkukhu entshaIArgentina ijongene nemiqathango kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe ezimalunga nama-40, kuquka neTshayina, enye yabathengi bayo abaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, abasemagunyeni bagxininisa ukuba umonakalo okhoyo kurhwebo lwangoku mncinane kakhulu. obunganzima kangako kunabo bubhalwe kwiintsholongwane ezinkulu, njenge ukukhanya okukhulu nto leyo eyayifuna amanyathelo abanzi kwezinye iimeko.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umsebenzi wezobupolitika nowezobugcisa kunye namaqabane orhwebo wenze ukuba kube nokwenzeka ukuvumelana izicwangciso zokwahlulahlula, ukwahlukanisa ngokwemimandla kunye nokwahlulahlulahlulaEzi ndlela zivumela ukuqatshelwa kweendawo okanye amacandelo angenazifo ngaphakathi kwilizwe elinye, ukuze ukuthunyelwa kwempahla evela kwiindawo ezingenazo izifo kuqhubeke, nokuba kukho ubhubhane wengingqi kwezinye iindawo.
Ngenxa yezi zixhobo, iArgentina ifikelele kwimpumelelo ukugcina ukufikelela okwahlukileyo kwenyama yenkukhu kunye nezinye iimveliso ezivela kuyo kwiindawo ezingaphezu kwama-35, nto leyo ebonisa ukwehla kwenani leemarike ezichaphazelekileyo yimiqathango, xa kuthelekiswa nokuvalwa okubanzi okubangelwe ziziqendu zowama-2023 nowama-2025.
Ngokwedatha esemthethweni, ngo-2025 Ukuthunyelwa kwenyama yenkukhu eArgentina kufikelele kwiitoni ezili-169.000ngexabiso eliqikelelwa kwi-$218 yezigidi. Eli candelo loyika ukuba imeko yezempilo ewohlokayo ingaphinda ichaphazele la manani, nangona okwangoku kugxininiswa ukuba impembelelo incinci ngobuninzi kunakwiingxaki zangaphambili.
Imeko yezempilo norhwebo: imihla yokugqibela kunye neemeko zokubuyisela imeko yakho kwimeko yakho
Ngokwembono yomthetho, isitshixo sokubuyisela imeko yelizwe elingenayo i-avian influenza ebangela izifo ezininzi sise ukungabikho kobhubhane olutsha kwiifama zorhwebo ixesha elithile emva kokuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo okulawula. Imigaqo ye-OMSA ichaza ukuba, xa ukuxhela, ukucoca, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kwiyunithi yemveliso echaphazelekayo kugqityiwe, ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-28 kufuneka zidlule ngaphandle koqhambuko olutsha ngaphambi kokuba ilizwe liphinde liqwalaselwe ukuba alinazo izifo.
Ukuba loo mfuneko iyafezekiswa, iArgentina inethuba lokuba ukuzivakalisa ukhululekile phambi kwe-OMSAUkuxela ngokusesikweni imeko kunye nokucela ukubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwimeko yangaphambili yococeko. Ukusuka apho, indlela ivuliwe yokuxoxisana kwakhona malunga nokuvulwa kwakhona kwezo marike ezazidibanisa ukungeniswa kwazo kweemveliso zeenkukhu kwimeko yelizwe elingenayo i-avian influenza ebangela izifo ezininzi.
Okwangoku, i Imakethi yasekhaya yenyama yenkukhu namaqanda isasebenza Njengesiqhelo. Amagunya ezempilo akhumbuza uluntu ukuba umkhuhlane weentaka awudluliselwa ebantwini ngokutya iinkukhu okanye iimveliso ezifana namaqanda, ukuba nje kulandelwa imigaqo eqhelekileyo yokupheka nokuphatha ukutya.
Indawo yezoqoqosho ebaluleke kakhulu iyaqhubeka nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, apho iziphumo ezithe ngqo zemiqathango zidityaniswa impembelelo yodumo kwiimveliso zaseArgentinaIsiganeko sobhubhane olukhulu ngo-2023, esabangela ukuba iimarike zivale phantse ngokupheleleyo kwaye sathabatha iminyaka ukuze siqheleke, sisakhunjulwa kakhulu kweli candelo.
Eso siganeko sabangela ukuvalwa okukhulu kweendawo ezithengiswayo, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwimarike yaseTshayina, esanda kuvula kwakhona ukungeniswa kwenkukhu eArgentina emva kwexesha elide leengxoxo zobugcisa kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwamanyathelo olawulo kunye nokhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo aqaliswe kweli lizwe.
Amanyathelo okuthintela nokukhusela iintsholongwane kwiifama nakwiigadi zangasemva
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba intsholongwane isasazeke ngaphaya kweendawo ezisele zifunyenwe, i-SENASA igxininise imfuneko yokuba iifama zeenkukhu Kufuneka baqinise imigaqo yabo yokuphatha, ucoceko, kunye nokhuseleko lwebhayoloji ngokupheleleyo. Ezi zibophelelo zichazwe kwiSigqibo Nombolo 1699/2019, esilawula amanyathelo aphantsi kunye neendlela ezilungileyo kwiifama kulo lonke ilizwe.
Iingcebiso ziquka imiba efana nale lawula ngokungqongqo ukungena kwabantu nezithuthiSebenzisa impahla yokusebenza kunye nezihlangu ezikhethekileyo, bonelela ngee-arches okanye iibhafu zeenyawo, kwaye ugcine irekhodi eneenkcukacha zokungena kunye nokuphuma ukuze kube lula ukulandeleka xa kukho ubhubhane.
Kwimeko ye iintaka ezikwiigadi zasekhaya kunye neefama ezincinci zeentsaphoLe nhlangano icebisa ukuba izilwanyana zigcinwe kwiindawo ezikhuselekileyo nezingcono ukuba zivaliwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukudibana ngqo neentaka zasendle ezinokuba ngabathwali bentsholongwane. Ikwagxininisa ukubaluleka Coca kwaye ubulale iintsholongwane rhoqo kwizibaya, kwiindawo zokunkcenkceshela kunye neendawo zokutyelakunye nokukhusela imithombo yamanzi nokutya ekufikeleleni zizilwanyana zasendle.
Esinye isitshixo kukunciphisa ukuhambahamba kwabantu abangengabo abeziindawo zokuhlala kunye nokunciphisa ukuhambahamba kwezilwanyana phakathi kweefama, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko eziyimfuneko nangaphantsi iimeko ezifanelekileyo zothutho kunye namaxwebhu ezempiloIingcali zigxininisa ukuba ukhuseleko lwendalo alupheleli kwiinkampani ezinkulu kuphela, kodwa lubandakanya abavelisi abaphakathi nabancinci kunye nabanini beenkukhu ezikwiigadi zasekhaya.
Ukuqinisa amanyathelo kuquka Yandisa ukubekwa esweni okungasebenziyo nokusebenzayoEyokuqala isekelwe kwisaziso seemeko ezirhanelwayo ngabo baphatha iintaka, ngelixa eyesibini ibandakanya imisebenzi yokuthatha iisampulu kunye nokulawula kwiifama nakwiindawo ezithathwa njengezisemngciphekweni, ingakumbi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kweMimandla yoLawulo loKhuseleko lweZilwanyana ezichazwe kuqhambuko.
Isaziso samatyala arhanelwayo kunye neendlela zokunxibelelana ne-SENASA
Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kobhubhane olutsha kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwintsebenziswano yabo bonke abachaphazelekayo kwishishini leenkukhu. Ke ngoko, i-SENASA igxininisa ukuba naluphi na uhlobo lokufa olungaqhelekanga okanye iimpawu zexhala, zokugaya ukutya, okanye zokuphefumla Kwimeko yeentaka zasekhaya okanye zasendle, kufuneka zixelwe ngoko nangoko kwimijelo esemthethweni evunyiweyo.
Izaziso zingenziwa kwi iofisi yengingqi yearhente, ngokwakho okanye ngefowunikunye nezixhobo ezikude. Ezi ziquka inombolo ye-WhatsApp yesikhungo, idilesi ye-imeyile ethile yeengxelo zempilo, kunye nefomu ekwi-intanethi ethi "Yazisa iSenasa" efumaneka kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni, eyenzelwe ukukhawulezisa ukuthunyelwa kolwazi naphi na kweli lizwe.
Olu nxibelelwano lujolise ekuqinisekiseni ukuba Musa ukuvumela iziganeko ezikrokrisayo zingaxelwaOku kuquka iingxelo zamaqela amancinci eentaka ezingasemva kwendlu okanye ukufunyanwa kweentaka zasendle ezigulayo okanye ezifileyo. Ingxelo nganye ihlolwa ukuze kuchongwe umngcipheko, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, amaqela obuchwephesha athunyelwa ukuqokelela iisampulu, ukwenza uhlolo, kwaye, apho kufanelekileyo, asebenzise amanyathelo okulawula ngokukhawuleza.
Ukongeza kwezi ndlela zithe ngqo, umbutho ugcina i-microsite ethile kwi-avian influenzaapho ulwazi luhlaziywa khona malunga nemeko ye-epidemiological, iindawo ezichaphazelekayo, amanyathelo okuthintela kunye nezixhobo zolwazi kubavelisi kunye noluntu ngokubanzi.
Kule meko, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi kuthathwa njengenye inxalenye yesicwangciso selizwe sokujonga, esincedisa umsebenzi weenkonzo zezilwanyana ezisemthethweni nezabucala, imibutho yabavelisi kunye neelabhoratri zokuxilonga.
Isimbuku sezi zinto—ukufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza kweendawo ezishushu ezifana nezo zikwiLobos naseRanchos, ukusetyenziswa ngokungqongqo kwe Isicwangciso sexesha elinokwenzeka kunye neendawo zokuxhela ezicocekileyo kunye neendawo zoLawuloUkuqinisa ukhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo kwiifama nakwiigadi zangasemva, kunye nentsebenziswano esebenzayo ekuxeleni amatyala arhanelwayo—kuchaza indawo yaseArgentina yokwenza umgudu wokuthintela eli tyala lesibini lomkhuhlane weentaka kwiinkukhu, ukunciphisa impembelelo yawo kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokukhawulezisa indlela yokubuyisela imeko yayo njengelizwe elingenayo i-HPAI.
